คำตอบที่ 10
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeep_four_wheel_drive_systems
KM เกี่ยวกับ JEEP ทั้งหมดครับ
The XJ Cherokee was introduced in 1984 as the first unibody Jeep. It was to be replaced by the larger Jeep Grand Cherokee in 1993, but the continuing popularity of the original Cherokee caused the company to rethink this decision.
Designs of the XJ Cherokee date back to 1978 when a team of American Motors (AMC) and Renault engineers drew several sketches. A few clay models were based on the existing SJ Cherokee. Early sketches of the XJ Cherokee had a European influence, and most of the styling cues were done by AMC engineers. The ongoing debate suggests that Renault sketch artists were involved right after the 1979 partnership with AMC. A former Renault engineer would come on board and design what is known to XJ Cherokee enthusiasts as the Quadra-Link suspension.
Both two- and four-door versions of the XJ Cherokee were offered throughout its lifetime, each having exactly the same track and wheelbase measurements as the other. Two-door models, however, received both longer doors and front seats that could fold forwards to assist in rear passenger entry and exit. This was in addition to extended-length rear windows that did not open, although an optional rear vent window was available on some models. Its appearance has led some to mistakenly believe that the two-door models are a short wheelbase version of the four-door.
A variation on the Cherokee from 1984 through 1990 was the Jeep Wagoneer. It was sold in two trim levels: the Wagoneer and the Wagoneer Limited. Both Wagoneers were distinguished from the Cherokee by the four headlights. The Wagoneer Limited came with vinyl wood trim on the sides.
This version was the first to be sold in Europe; it was launched in 1992 in some markets, 1993 for the United Kingdom. Early versions had the 4.0 L six-cylinder engine only: the 2.5 L engine did not arrive in Europe until 1995.
The Jeep XJ has remained a popular choice by off-roading enthusiasts due to its potent off-roading capability in stock form. Its popularity has resulted in strong ongoing aftermarket support in the form of a wide variety of products and upgrade availability. Used XJs are inexpensively available throughout North America and serve as a solid basis for a capable off-road vehicle.
[edit] Engines
1984-1996 2.5 L AMC I4, 105 hp-125 hp
1984-1986 2.8 L GM 60° LR2 V6
1985-1987 2.1 L Renault turbodiesel I4 (initially sold in US and until 1993 in Europe)
1987-1990 4.0 L AMC I6, 173-177 hp, with Renix fuel injection system
1991-1996 4.0 L AMC "High Output" I6, 190 hp, with Chrysler fuel injection system
1994-1996 2.5 L VM Motori turbodiesel I4 (sold in Europe and South America)
[edit] 1997-2001
After 13 years of production, 1997 saw the Cherokee receive updated exterior and interior styling. Both the two- and four-door bodies remained in production, receiving a steel tailgate (replacing the fibreglass one used previously), slightly more rounded edges, and a new taillight design; the interior was similarly updated with an all-new design and instruments, and a stiffer bodyshell brought improvements to Noise, Vibration, and Harshness measurements. Both the 4- and 6-cylinder engines were offered through the 2000 model year, though only the straight-six was available in 2001. For the 2000 and 2001 model years, all six-cylinder XJs received a distributorless ignition system using coil-on-plug ignition replacing the 'traditional' system previously used; coupled with better exhaust and intake porting, this gave a minor increase in power over the previous models. Transmission, axle, and transfer case choices were carried over from the previous models. The (XJ) Cherokee line was eventually replaced in 2002 by the Jeep Liberty (KJ), although the Liberty is called the Cherokee in most foreign markets.
[edit] Engines
1997-2000 2.5 L AMC I4, 125 hp
1997-2001 2.5 L VM Motori turbodiesel I4 (sold in Europe and South America)
1997-1999 4.0 L Power Tech I6, 190 hp
2000-2001 4.0 L Power Tech I6, 193 hp
[edit] Available Driveline Components
[edit] Manual transmissions
1984-1986 Aisin AX4 4-speed manual, used with 2.5 L I4 and 2.8 L V6
1984-1986 Borg-Warner T-4 4-speed manual, used with 2.5 L I4 and 2.8 L V6
1984-1986 Borg-Warner T-5 5-speed manual, used with 2.5 L I4 and 2.8 L V6
1987-1989½ Peugeot BA-10/5 5-speed manual used with 4.0 L I6
1987-2000 Aisin AX5 5-speed manual, used with 2.8 L V6 and 2.5 L I4
1989½-1999 Aisin AX15 5-speed manual, used with 4.0 L I6
2000-2001 New Venture Gear NV3550 5-speed manual, used with 4.0 L I6
[edit] Automatic transmissions
1984-1986 Chrysler A904 3-speed automatic, used with 2.5 L I4 and 2.8 L V6
1994-2000 30RH 3-speed automatic, used with 2.5 L I4
1987-2001 Aisin AW-4 4-speed automatic
[edit] Transfer cases
All the transfer cases used on the Cherokee were chain driven with aluminum housings. Command-Trac was standard on XJ models built with 4WD.
1984-1987 New Process NP207 "Command-Trac", part-time only, 2.61:1 ratio with low range
1984-1987 New Process NP228/NP229 "Selec-Trac", full-time/part-time
1987-2001 New Process NP231 "Command-Trac", part-time only, 2.72:1 ratio with low range
1987-2001 New Process NP242 "Selec-Trac", full-time/part-time, 2.72:1 ratio with low range
[edit] Axles
The Jeep XJ utilizes front and rear solid (live) axles as opposed to modern independent front and/or rear axles. This configuration allows the XJ to have superior off-road capability and performance at the expense of some on-road manners.
[edit] Front Axle
1984-1996 Dana 30, High Pinion, Reverse Cut, 27-spline axleshafts (1989-1995 ABS: 5-297x Universal Joints, non-ABS: 5-260x Universal Joints.) (Note: Certain XJ models were produced with Constant-Velocity joints instead of Universal Joints)
1996-1999 Dana 30, High Pinion, Reverse Cut, 297x/760 Universal Joint, 27-spline axleshafts.
2000-2001 Dana 30, Low Pinion, Standard Cut, 297x/760 Universal Joint, 27-spline axleshafts.
[edit] Rear Axle
1984-1989 Dana 35, non c-clip, ABS or non-ABS.
1990-1996 Dana 35, c-clip, ABS or non-ABS.
1991-1996 Chrysler 8.25", c-clip, non-ABS, 27-spline axleshafts.
1996-2001 Chrysler 8.25", c-clip, non-ABS, 29-spline axleshafts.
1987-1990 Dana 44, non-abs, 30-spline axleshafts.
[edit] Axle Gear Ratios
Jeep XJs came in several standard gearing ratios:
3.07:1, manual transmission, I6 engine.
3.54:1, automatic transmissin, I6 engine with DANA 44 rear differential.
3.55:1, automatic transmission, I6, V6 engines; manual transmission, I4 engine.
3.73:1, automatic transmission, I6, Tow Package, UpCountry Package.
4.10:1, manual transmission, automatic transmission, I4 engine.
4.56:1, automatic transmission, I4, offroad or tow package.
[edit] Suspension
The Jeep XJ utilizes a coil sprung front suspension with a leaf sprung rear suspension.
[edit] Front Suspension
The Jeep XJ utilizes the Quadra-Link front suspension. This suspension design locates the axle with 4 control arms to control up and down movement, two above the axle and two below it. A panhard bar is used to locate the axle central to the vehicle. Two coil springs are seated on top of the axle housing as well as two gas-charged shock absorbers. An anti-sway/anti-roll bar is utilized to reduce body roll in turns.
[edit] Rear Suspension
The XJ uses a leaf spring rear suspension. Each leaf pack contains four leaf springs with a fixed eye at the front of the spring and a shackle at the rear of the spring. Two gas-charged shock absorbers are also used, along with a mild anti-sway/anti-roll bar. The suspension used on vehicles with the stock UpCountry Package did not employ the rear anti-sway/anti-roll bar and provided one inch of lift over the standard suspension.
[edit] XJ in Europe
A van version of the XJ was offered in addition to the standard vehicles in some European markets. Available in both right- and left-hand-drive models, they were designed to comply with relaxed motor tax regulations in some EU member states governing vehicles intended for primarily commercial use. Both two- and four-door versions are known to have been sold, with the main differences from the standard models being metal panels in place of the rear side windows, no rear seats, and a completely flat cargo area. Two- and four-wheel-drive variants were available, powered by the VM Motori 2.5-litre diesel engine mated to the Aisin AX-5 manual transmission. Photographs of this model can be found here.
[edit] XJ in China
American Motors established the first automobile manufacturing joint venture in the People's Republic of China to assemble the four-door Cherokee[1]. Production continued after Chrysler's buyout of AMC. The current model is known as the Jeep 2500 (Link to Jeep in China). It is AMC's original Cherokee design with an updated grille and new headlights, as well as other upgrades. A masterpiece of automotive design, the Cherokee continues to sell virtually unchanged after over twenty years.
